SHOPSMART AUTOS – CUSTOMER INFORMATION – JANUARY 26, 2021
The easiest option to plug in an EV is to recharge at home, if you have the ability to park near an electric outlet or can place a new outlet near your parking spot. All home charging options (with the exception of Tesla vehicles) use a standard EV plug to connect to the car. The other end of the charging cord can either be hardwired or plugged into an existing outlet. Home charging can use either a 120 volt outlet or 240 volt circuit (like an electric clothes dryer uses). Since almost all EVs include a 120 volt charging cord and 120 volt outlets are common, this is likely the cheapest and easiest option. Using a 240 volt outlet or circuit requires the purchase of a home charging unit and possibly the need for modifications to the home electric system. However, using a charger powered by a 240 volt circuit has the advantage of charging much faster, from 2 to 8-fold faster depending on the amperage and vehicle. All current EVs can use the industry standard EV plug shown at left. The charging cable included with a new EV is usually a Level 1 charging cable, that plugs into a standard 120 volt outlet (center). Level 2 chargers have the same EV plug (left) but either plug into a 240 volt outlet (right) or are hardwired to a high capacity circuit.What are the types of charging?
Level 1—Home Charging:
Level 1 charging cords are standard equipment on a new EV. Level 1 charging only requires a grounded (three-prong) 120V outlet and can add about 40 miles of range in an eight-hour overnight charge. Overnight Level 1 charging is suitable for low- and medium-range plug-in hybrids and for all-electric battery electric vehicle drivers with low daily driving usage.
Level 2—Home and Public Charging:
Level 2 charging typically requires a charging unit on a 240V circuit, like the circuit used to power a common electric clothes dryer. The charging rate depends on the vehicle’s acceptance rate and the maximum current available. With a typical 30 amp circuit, about 180 miles can be added during an eight-hour charge. Level 2 chargers are the most common public chargers, and you can find them at places like offices, grocery stores, and parking garages. Public Level 2 chargers have a standard EV connection plug that fits all current vehicles, except for Teslas, which require an adapter.
DC Fast Charging—Public Charging:
DC fast charging is the fastest currently available recharging method. It can typically add 50 to 90 miles in 30 minutes, depending on the station’s power capacity and the make of EV. Tesla’s Superchargers are even faster, adding up to 170 miles of range in a half hour. DC fast chargers are most useful for longer trips, cars in use most of the day (like taxis), and drivers who have limited access to home recharging. DC fast chargers use three different plug types and are not interchangeable. Japanese automakers typically use the CHAdeMO standard; most European and US makers use the CCS system. Tesla’s Supercharging stations use a proprietary connector specific to their vehicles.
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